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KMID : 1033920230190020056
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Journal of The Korean Academy of Geriatric Denstry
2023 Volume.19 No. 2 p.56 ~ p.63
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Geriatric Oral Mucosal Diseases
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Kho Hong-Seop
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Abstract
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The rapid increase in the elderly population is causing an increase in the number of patients visiting clinics for oral mucosal diseases. There are no oral mucosal diseases that are limited to the elderly, but oral candidiasis, oral leukoplakia and erythroplakia, oral lichen planus and lichenoid lesion, and oral pemphigus and pemphigoid are common in the middle-aged and elderly. Fibrous inflammatory hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum) in patients wearing dentures can often be seen. Oral candidiasis is an oral mucosal disease whose prevalence is increasing most rapidly in the elderly. This is due to the increase in the elderly population with reduced immune function, multimorbidity, and polypharmacy. Therefore, knowledge about the various forms of oral candidiasis and the use of antifungals is very important. Knowledge about the standardization of diagnostic criteria for oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus is being updated. In addition, scientific evidence is accumulating about the malignant transformation rates of oral leukoplakia, oral lichen planus, and oral lichenoid lesions. Therefore, it is very important to acquire knowledge about these fields for accurate diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Although the prevalence of oral pemphigus and pemphigoid is relatively low, the severity of the symptoms is significant especially in the elderly. For efficient management of oral mucosal diseases in elderly patients, accurate diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases and appropriate choice of medications are important. To this end, it is necessary to be familiar with the updated knowledge of the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and medications related with these diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Candidiasis, Epulis fissuratum, Leukoplakia, Lichen planus, Pemphigoid, Pemphigus
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